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Colonial Legal Codification of Islamic Law

British India's "Anglo-Muhammadan law" and French codification efforts in North Africa each selected one strand of classical opinion, generally the most conservative available reading, and removed the plurality that had allowed different jurists to reach different conclusions on the same question (Hallaq, 2009). The effects of this codification remained visible long after independence, as in India's 1985 Shah Bano case and the legislative backlash it produced.

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