Academic Sources
The complete bibliography of works cited across Revert Way's research papers, articles, and Evidence Library entries.
Book
Duderija, A. (2011) Constructing a Religiously Ideal ‘Believer’ and ‘Woman’ in Islam. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Book
Görke, A. & Schoeler, G. (2008) Die ältesten Berichte über das Leben Muhammads: Das Korpus ’Urwa ibn az-Zubair. Princeton: Darwin Press.
Book
Jeffery, A. (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qur’an. Baroda: Oriental Institute.
Book
Saeed, A. (2006) Interpreting the Qur’an. London: Routledge.
Book
Saeed, A. & Saeed, H. (2004) Freedom of Religion, Apostasy and Islam. Aldershot: Ashgate.
Book
Newman, A.J. (2000) The Formative Period of Twelver Shi’ism. Richmond: Curzon Press.
Book
Musa, A.Y. (2008) Hadith as Scripture. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Book
Geissinger, A. (2015). Gender and Muslim Constructions of Exegetical Authority: A Rereading of the Classical Genre of Qur'an Commentary. Brill.
Website
Al-Azhar Supreme Council of Islamic Research. Ruling on female genital cutting, 2007.
Book
Hourani, A. Arabic Thought in the Liberal Age, 1798-1939. London: Oxford University Press, 1962.
Primary Source Edition
Guillaume, Alfred, trans. The Life of Muhammad: A Translation of Ibn Ishaq's Sirat Rasul Allah. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1955.
Journal Article
Stepan, A., and Robertson, G. B. "An 'Arab' More Than 'Muslim' Electoral Gap." Journal of Democracy 14, no. 3 (2003): 30-44.
Journal Article
Stepan, A., and Robertson, G. B. "Arab, Not Muslim, Exceptionalism." Journal of Democracy 15, no. 4 (2004): 140-146.
Book
Wadud, A. (1999). Qur'an and Woman: Rereading the Sacred Text from a Woman's Perspective. Oxford University Press.
Website
Arab Barometer. Arab Opinion Index. Princeton, NJ, and Ann Arbor, MI: Arab Barometer, 2025.
Book
Barlas, A. (2002). "Believing Women" in Islam: Unreading Patriarchal Interpretations of the Qur'an. University of Texas Press.
Book
al-Azmeh, A. (2014). The Emergence of Islam in Late Antiquity: Allah and His People. Cambridge University Press.
Journal Article
Sadeghi, B. (2008) “The Traveling Tradition Test,” Islamic Law and Society 15(2), pp. 203–242.
Journal Article
Sadeghi, B. & Bergmann, U. (2010) “The Codex of a Companion of the Prophet,” Arabica 57(4), pp. 343–436.
Journal Article
Sadeghi, B. & Goudarzi, M. (2012) “Sana’a 1 and the Origins of the Qur’an,” Der Islam 87(1–2), pp. 1–129.
Book
Ehrman, B.D. (2016) Jesus Before the Gospels. New York: HarperOne.
Book
Stowasser, B.F. (1994). Women in the Qur'an, Traditions, and Interpretation. Oxford University Press.
Website
BAZNAS (Badan Amil Zakat Nasional). Zakat potential and collection report, Indonesia, 2020.
Book
Melchert, C. (2006) Ahmad ibn Hanbal. Oxford: Oneworld.
Book
Robinson, C.F. (2003) Islamic Historiography. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Website
Charities Aid Foundation. World Giving Index. London: CAF, editions 2018, 2024, and World Giving Report 2025.
Journal Article
Kessler, Christel. "‘Abd al-Malik’s Inscription in the Dome of the Rock: A Reconsideration." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 102, no. 1 (1970): 2–14.
Book
MacCulloch, D. (2003) The Reformation: A History. New York: Viking.
Book
Sperber, D. (1996) Explaining Culture: A Naturalistic Approach. Oxford: Blackwell.
Book
King, D.A. (1999) World-Maps for Finding the Direction and Distance to Mecca: Innovation and Tradition in Islamic Science. Leiden: Brill.
Book
Brown, D.W. (1996) Rethinking Tradition in Modern Islamic Thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Website
Daraj. "Women's Inheritance of Violence in Egypt: How Daughters Are Stripped of Their Rights." February 2, 2026.
Book
Spellberg, D. (1994). Politics, Gender, and the Islamic Past: The Legacy of A'isha bint Abi Bakr. Columbia University Press.
Journal Article
Rabie, D., and El Bialy, N. "Attitudes towards Islamic Inheritance: Religious or Patriarchal Preferences?" Review of Law & Economics 21, no. 4 (2025): 833-864.
Journal Article
Kohlberg, E. (1987) “Aspects of Akhbari Thought,” in Levtzion, N. & Voll, J.O. (eds.) Eighteenth Century Renewal and Reform in Islam. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press.
Website
Shahwahid, E. "Islamicity Index: A Critique." Critical Muslim Studies.
Journal Article
Whelan, Estelle. "Forgotten Witness: Evidence for the Early Codification of the Qur’an." Journal of the American Oriental Society 118, no. 1 (1998): 1–14.
Book
Rahman, F. (1965) Islamic Methodology in History. Karachi: Central Institute of Islamic Research.
Book
Rahman, F. (1979 [1966]) Islam, 2nd edn. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Book
Donner, F.M. (2010) Muhammad and the Believers. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Book
Mernissi, F. (1991). The Veil and the Male Elite: A Feminist Interpretation of Women's Rights in Islam. Addison-Wesley.
Book
Schoeler, G. (2009) The Genesis of Literature in Islam, trans. S.M. Toorawa. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Book
Schoeler, G. (2011) The Biography of Muhammad: Nature and Authenticity, trans. U. Vagelpohl. London: Routledge.
Book
Juynboll, G.H.A. (1969) The Authenticity of the Tradition Literature. Leiden: Brill.
Book
Juynboll, G.H.A. (1983) Muslim Tradition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Journal Article
Mackie, G. "Ending Footbinding and Infibulation: A Convention Account." American Sociological Review 61, no. 6 (December 1996): 999-1017.
Book
Berg, H. (2000) The Development of Exegesis in Early Islam. Richmond: Curzon Press.
Book
Motzki, H. (ed.) (2000) The Biography of Muhammad: The Issue of the Sources. Leiden: Brill.
Book
Motzki, H. (2002) The Origins of Islamic Jurisprudence, trans. M.H. Katz. Leiden: Brill.
Journal Article
Tajfel, H. & Turner, J.C. (1979) “An Integrative Theory of Intergroup Conflict,” in Austin, W.G. & Worchel, S. (eds.) The Social Psychology of Intergroup Relations. Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole.
Book
Lauzière, H. The Making of Salafism: Islamic Reform in the Twentieth Century. New York: Columbia University Press, 2016.
Book
Askari, H., et al. Islamicity Indices: The Seed for Change. New York: Palgrave Macmillan/Springer, 2019.
Book
Kennedy, H. (2016). The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates: The Islamic Near East from the Sixth to the Eleventh Century (3rd ed.). Routledge.
Book
Goldziher, I. (1971 [1889–90]) Muslim Studies, trans. C.R. Barber & S.M. Stern. London: Allen & Unwin.
Primary Source Edition
Ibn Qutayba (9th c.) Ta’wil Mukhtalif al-Hadith. Various editions.
Journal Article
Beik, I. S., and Arsyianti, L. D. CIBEST poverty-measurement model studies on zakat impact, Indonesia, 2014 and subsequent.
Book
Burton, J. (1977) The Collection of the Qur’an. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Book
Neusner, J. (1986) The Oral Torah. San Francisco: Harper & Row.
Book
Schacht, J. (1950) The Origins of Muhammadan Jurisprudence. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Book
Brown, J.A.C. (2007) The Canonization of al-Bukhari and Muslim: The Formation and Function of the Sunni Hadith Canon. Leiden: Brill.
Book
Brown, J.A.C. (2009) Hadith: Muhammad’s Legacy in the Medieval and Modern World. Oxford: Oneworld.
Journal Article
Brown, J.A.C. (2011) “Did the Prophet Say It or Not?” Journal of the American Oriental Society 131(1), pp. 1–24.
Book
Brown, J.A.C. (2014) Misquoting Muhammad. London: Oneworld.
Book
Dunn, J.D.G. (2003) Jesus Remembered. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans.
Book
Turner, J. P. Inquisition in Early Islam: The Competition for Political and Religious Authority in the Abbasid Empire. London: I.B. Tauris, 2013.
Book
Wansbrough, John. Quranic Studies: Sources and Methods of Scriptural Interpretation. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1977.
Website
Jordanian National Commission for Women, Jordanian Hashemite Fund for Human Development, and UNFPA. Survey on women's inheritance, Irbid Governorate, Jordan, 2012.
Journal Article
"Islamicity Indices: An Extensive Systematic Literature Review." Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research (2023).
Book
Tucker, J. (2008). Women, Family, and Gender in Islamic Law. Cambridge University Press.
Book
Creswell, K.A.C. (1969). Early Muslim Architecture (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.
Book
Ali, K. (2006). Sexual Ethics and Islam: Feminist Reflections on Qur'an, Hadith, and Jurisprudence. Oneworld.
Book
Nemoy, L. (1952) Karaite Anthology. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Book
Ahmed, L. (1992). Women and Gender in Islam: Historical Roots of a Modern Debate. Yale University Press.
Book
Peirce, L. (1993). The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire. Oxford University Press.
Book
Peirce, L. (2003). Morality Tales: Law and Gender in the Ottoman Court of Aintab. University of California Press.
Journal Article
Cassum, L. A., Cash, K., Qidwai, W., and Vertejee, S. "Exploring the Experiences of Older Adults Who Are Brought to Live in Shelter Homes in Karachi, Pakistan: A Qualitative Study." BMC Geriatrics 19 (2019).
Journal Article
Cook, M. (1997) “The Opponents of the Writing of Tradition in Early Islam,” Arabica 44(4), pp. 437–530.
Book
Hamidullah, M. (1953) Sahifah Hammam ibn Munabbih. Damascus/Paris.
Book
Polliack, M. (ed.) (2003) Karaite Judaism. Leiden: Brill.
Journal Article
Fish, M. S. "Islam and Authoritarianism." World Politics 55 (October 2002): 4-37.
Book
Fish, M. S. Are Muslims Distinctive? A Look at the Evidence. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011.
Book
van Putten, M. (2022) Quranic Arabic: From Its Hijazi Origins to Its Classical Reading Traditions. Leiden: Brill.
Book
Weber, M. (1978 [1922]) Economy and Society, eds. G. Roth & C. Wittich. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Book
Kerr, M. H. Islamic Reform: The Political and Legal Theories of Muhammad 'Abduh and Rashid Rida. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1966.
Book
Katz, M.H. (2014). Women in the Mosque: A History of Legal Thought and Social Practice. Columbia University Press.
Journal Article
Knight, M. "Curing Cut or Ritual Mutilation? Some Remarks on the Practice of Female and Male Circumcision in Graeco-Roman Egypt." Isis 92, no. 2 (June 2001): 317-338.
Journal Article
Ross, M. L. "Oil, Islam, and Women." American Political Science Review 102, no. 1 (February 2008): 107-123.
Book
Lecker, Michael. The 'Constitution of Medina': Muhammad's First Legal Document. Princeton: Darwin Press, 2004.
Website
Pregill, M. "Shahab Ahmed's What Is Islam? as Disciplinary Critique." The Mizan Project, January 2017.
Primary Source Edition
Khattab, M., trans. The Clear Qur'an. Consulted via quran.com.
Journal Article
Ababsa, M. "The Exclusion of Women from Property in Jordan: Inheritance Rights and Practices." Arab Land Initiative / Global Land Tool Network, French Institute for the Near East (IFPO).
Book
Abbott, N. (1967) Studies in Arabic Literary Papyri II. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Book
Sinai, N. (2017) The Qur’an: A Historical-Critical Introduction. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Website
Pakistan, National Institute of Population Studies, and ICF. Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey 2017-18. Islamabad and Rockville, MD, 2019.
Journal Article
Grabar, Oleg. "The Umayyad Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem." Ars Orientalis 3 (1959): 33–62.
Website
Organisation of Islamic Cooperation / Islamic Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (ISESCO). Literacy report using 2013 data, published February 2015.
Book
Bourdieu, P. (1977) Outline of a Theory of Practice, trans. R. Nice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Book
Berger, P.L. (1967) The Sacred Canopy: Elements of a Sociological Theory of Religion. New York: Doubleday.
Book
Pourshariati, P. (2008). Decline and Fall of the Sasanian Empire: The Sasanian-Parthian Confederacy and the Arab Conquest of Iran. I.B. Tauris.
Book
Crone, P. (1987). Roman, Provincial and Islamic Law: The Origins of the Islamic Patronate. Cambridge University Press.
Book
Sijpesteijn, P. (2013). Shaping a Muslim State: The World of a Mid-Eighth-Century Egyptian Official. Oxford University Press.
Journal Article
Serjeant, R. B. "The Sunnah Jāmi'ah, Pacts with the Yathrib Jews, and the Tahrīm of Yathrib: Analysis and Translation of the Documents Comprised in the So-Called 'Constitution of Medina.'" Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 41, no. 1 (1978): 1–42.
Book
Gleave, R. (2007) Scripturalist Islam: The Akhbari Shi’i School. Leiden: Brill.
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Hoyland, R.G. (1997) Seeing Islam as Others Saw It. Princeton: Darwin Press.
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Eaton, R. M. The Rise of Islam and the Bengal Frontier, 1204-1760. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993.
Book
Eaton, R. M. "Shrines, Cultivators, and Muslim 'Conversion' in Punjab and Bengal, 1300-1700." In Beyond Turk and Hindu, edited by D. Gilmartin and B. B. Lawrence. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2000.
Journal Article
Milgram, S. (1963) “Behavioral Study of Obedience,” Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 67(4), pp. 371–378.
Book
Goitein, S.D. (1978). A Mediterranean Society, Volume III: The Family. University of California Press.
Journal Article
Asch, S.E. (1951) “Effects of Group Pressure upon the Modification and Distortion of Judgments,” in Guetzkow, H. (ed.) Groups, Leadership and Men. Pittsburgh: Carnegie Press.
Book
Shoemaker, S.J. (2022) Creating the Qur’an. Oakland: University of California Press.
Book
Anthony, S.W. (2020) Muhammad and the Empires of Faith. Oakland: University of California Press.
Thesis
Al-Mahdi, S. M. "Women's Inheritance in Upper Egypt Between Reality and Hope." Fieldwork study conducted through Qena University, Sohag and Qena governorates, Egypt, 2009.
Book
Ahmed, S. (2016). What Is Islam? The Importance of Being Islamic. Princeton University Press.
Book
Izutsu, T. (1964) God and Man in the Qur’an. Tokyo: Keio Institute.
Website
Transparency International. Corruption Perceptions Index 2025. Berlin: Transparency International, 2026.
Website
United Nations Development Programme, Regional Bureau for Arab States. Arab Human Development Report 2003: Building a Knowledge Society. New York: UNDP, 2003.
Website
Journal Article
Hallaq, W.B. (1984) “Was the Gate of Ijtihad Closed?” International Journal of Middle East Studies 16(1), pp. 3–41.
Book
Hallaq, W.B. (1997) A History of Islamic Legal Theories. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Book
Hallaq, W.B. (2005) The Origins and Evolution of Islamic Law. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Book
Hallaq, W. (2009). Sharia: Theory, Practice, Transformations. Cambridge University Press.
Website
World Bank and UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Literacy rate data by country, 2018.
Website
World Values Survey Association. World Values Survey, Wave 7 (2017-2020), Middle East and North Africa Module. Vienna: WVSA Secretariat.
Book
Dutton, Y. (1999) The Origins of Islamic Law. Richmond: Curzon Press.