?–855 CE · Traditionalist jurist and theologian; source of the Hanbali legal school
Ahmad ibn Hanbal
Ibn Hanbal (d. 241 AH / 855 CE) resisted producing a systematic legal code of his own, preferring case-by-case adherence to transmitted text. The "Hanbali madhhab" is, in a strict sense, more a creation of his later students — who collected and systematized his traditionalist responsa, chiefly Ahmad's student al-Khallal — than of Ibn Hanbal himself.
Content referencing this person
- Research Paper
Islam: History, Authority and the Development of Islamic Tradition
A historical-critical review of the Qur'an and Hadith as sources of religious authority in Islam, distinguishing established fact, scholarly consensus, majority and minority opinion, disputed claims, and theological interpretation at every step.
- Article
Islam: A Reader's Guide to the Qur'an, Hadith and Early Islamic History
A plain-language companion to Revert Way's academic review of the Qur'an and Hadith: the same evidence, sources, and arguments, with every technical term and historical figure introduced on first use.